Differences
This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.
| en:tongue [2023/06/19 07:07] – brahmantra | en:tongue [2024/06/16 11:30] () – removed brahmantra | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1: | 1: | ||
| - | ====== Tongue ====== | ||
| - | * TONGUE | ||
| - | * Features | ||
| - | * muscular organ | ||
| - | * Function | ||
| - | * Taste | ||
| - | * Speech | ||
| - | * Chewing | ||
| - | * Deglutition or swallowing | ||
| - | * Cleansing | ||
| - | * situation | ||
| - | * floor or mouth | ||
| - | * Shape | ||
| - | * Convex and triangularly flattened | ||
| - | * Parts | ||
| - | * Root of tongue | ||
| - | * attachment | ||
| - | * above | ||
| - | * styloid process and soft palate | ||
| - | * below | ||
| - | * mandible and hyoid bone | ||
| - | * these prevent the tongue from collapsing | ||
| - | * Apex of tongue; tip of tongue | ||
| - | * anterior free end | ||
| - | * at rest lies behind upper incisor teeth | ||
| - | * Body of tongue | ||
| - | * Dorsum of tongue , upper surface | ||
| - | * divided by sulcus terminalis ( Terminal sulcus of tongue) | ||
| - | * V shaped groove | ||
| - | * meet at a point called | ||
| - | * foramen caecum | ||
| - | * site from which thyroid diverticulum grows in embryo | ||
| - | * (Thyroglossal duct) | ||
| - | * runs laterally and forwards up to palatoglossal arches | ||
| - | * Anterior part ; presulcal part , oral part | ||
| - | * mucous membrane | ||
| - | * projections from mucous membrane | ||
| - | * Papillae of tongue; lingual papillae | ||
| - | * Filiform papillae | ||
| - | * situated | ||
| - | * presulcal area over dorsum of tongue | ||
| - | * size | ||
| - | * smallest | ||
| - | * shape | ||
| - | * velvety appearance | ||
| - | * conical in shape | ||
| - | * pointed and covered with keratin | ||
| - | * apex split in to filamentous process | ||
| - | * Fungiform papillae | ||
| - | * situated | ||
| - | * near tip and margins of tongue | ||
| - | * some scattered over dorsum | ||
| - | * size | ||
| - | * smaller than vallate but larger than filiform | ||
| - | * shape | ||
| - | * narrow pedicle and rounded head | ||
| - | * color | ||
| - | * bright red | ||
| - | * Vallate papillae | ||
| - | * situated | ||
| - | * immediately in front of sulcus terminalis | ||
| - | * size | ||
| - | * large in size , 8-12 in number | ||
| - | * shape | ||
| - | * cylindrical projection surrounded by a circular sulcus | ||
| - | * walls of papilla | ||
| - | * taste buds | ||
| - | * Foliate papillae | ||
| - | * situated | ||
| - | * lateral border just in front of circum-valallate papilla | ||
| - | * shape | ||
| - | * leaf shaped | ||
| - | * 2/3rd of tongue | ||
| - | * margins are free | ||
| - | * just in front of palatoglossal arch it shows | ||
| - | * foliate papillae | ||
| - | * Posterior part; post-sulcal part , pharyngeal part | ||
| - | * 1/3rd of tongue | ||
| - | * Lymphoid part | ||
| - | * lies behind palatoglossal arches and sulcus terminalis | ||
| - | * called as base of tongue | ||
| - | * forms anterior wall of oropharynx | ||
| - | * mucous membrane | ||
| - | * no papilla | ||
| - | * many lymphoid follicles | ||
| - | * collectively called lingual tonsil | ||
| - | * mucous glands are also present | ||
| - | * Posterior most part of tongue | ||
| - | * attachment | ||
| - | * connected to epiglottis | ||
| - | * by three folds of mucous membrane | ||
| - | * median Glosso-epiglottic fold | ||
| - | * either side of median fold there is a depression | ||
| - | * vallecula | ||
| - | * lateral Glosso-epiglottic fold | ||
| - | * right and left | ||
| - | * separates the vallecula from piriform fossa | ||
| - | * Inferior surface of tongue | ||
| - | * oral part only | ||
| - | * smooth mucous membrane | ||
| - | * Frenulum of tongue | ||
| - | * each side prominence produced by deep lingual veins | ||
| - | * more laterally there is a fold called | ||
| - | * plica Fimbriata | ||
| - | * Margin of tongue | ||
| - | * Mucous membrane of tongue | ||
| - | * Midline groove of tongue; median sulcus of tongue | ||
| - | * Lymphoid nodules | ||
| - | * Lingual septum | ||
| - | * Lingual aponeurosis | ||
| - | * Muscles of tongue | ||
| - | * Extrinsic | ||
| - | * Genioglossus | ||
| - | * Hyoglossus | ||
| - | * Chondroglossus | ||
| - | * Ceratoglossus | ||
| - | * Styloglossus | ||
| - | * Intrinsic | ||
| - | * Superior longitudinal muscle | ||
| - | * Inferior longitudinal muscle | ||
| - | * Transverse muscle | ||
| - | * Vertical muscle | ||
| - | * Palatoglossus | ||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | * FAUCES | ||
| - | * Isthmus of fauces; oropharyngeal isthmus | ||
| - | * Soft palate | ||
| - | * Uvula | ||
| - | * Palatoglossal arch; anterior pillar of fauces | ||
| - | * (Triangular fold) | ||
| - | * Palatopharyngeal arch; posterior pillar of fauces | ||
| - | * (Semilunar fold) | ||
| - | * Tonsillar sinus; tonsillar fossa; tonsillar bed | ||
| - | * Supratonsillar fossa | ||
| - | * Palatine tonsil | ||
| - | * Tonsillar capsule | ||
| - | * (Tonsillar cleft; intratonsillar cleft) | ||
| - | * Tonsillar pits | ||
| - | * Tonsillar crypts | ||
| - | * Muscles of soft palate and fauces | ||
| - | * Palatine aponeurosis | ||
| - | * Levator veli palatini | ||
| - | * Tensor veli palatini | ||
| - | * Musculus uvulae | ||
| - | * Palatoglossus | ||
| - | * Palatopharyngeus | ||
| - | * Anterior fascicle | ||
| - | * Posterior fascicle; palatopharyngeal sphincter | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===== TERMINOLOGY ===== | ||
| - | |||
| - | | LINGUA | ||
| - | | Corpus linguae | ||
| - | | Radix linguae | ||
| - | | Dorsum linguae | ||
| - | | Pars anterior; pars presulcalis | ||
| - | | Pars posterior; pars postsulcalis | ||
| - | | Facies inferior linguae | ||
| - | | Plica fimbriata | ||
| - | | Margo linguae | ||
| - | | Apex linguae | ||
| - | | Tunica mucosa linguae | ||
| - | | Frenulum linguae | ||
| - | | Papillae linguales | ||
| - | | Papillae filiformes | ||
| - | | Papillae fungiformes | ||
| - | | Papillae vallatae | ||
| - | | Papillae foliatae | ||
| - | | Sulcus medianus linguae | ||
| - | | Sulcus terminalis linguae | ||
| - | | Foramen caecum linguae | ||
| - | | (Ductus thyroglossalis) | ||
| - | | Tonsilla lingualis | ||
| - | | Noduli lymphoidei | ||
| - | | Septum linguae | ||
| - | | Aponeurosis linguae | ||
| - | | Musculi linguae | ||
| - | | M. genioglossus | ||
| - | | M. hyoglossus | ||
| - | | M. chondroglossus | ||
| - | | M. ceratoglossus | ||
| - | | M. styloglossus | ||
| - | | M. longitudinalis superior | ||
| - | | M. longitudinalis inferior | ||
| - | | M. transversus linguae | ||
| - | | M. verticalis linguae | ||
| - | | M. palatoglossus | ||
| - | ^ FAUCES | ||
| - | | Isthmus faucium | ||
| - | | Palatum molle; velum palatinum | ||
| - | | Uvula palatina | ||
| - | | Arcus palatoglossus; | ||
| - | | (Plica triangularis) | ||
| - | | Arcus palatopharyngeus; | ||
| - | | (Plica semilunaris) | ||
| - | | Fossa tonsillaris; | ||
| - | | Fossa supratonsillaris | ||
| - | | Tonsilla palatina | ||
| - | | Capsula tonsillae | ||
| - | | (Fissura tonsillaris; | ||
| - | | Fossulae tonsillae | ||
| - | | Cryptae tonsillae | ||
| - | | Musculi palati mollis et faucium | ||
| - | | Aponeurosis palatina | ||
| - | | M. levator veli palatini | ||
| - | | M. tensor veli palatini | ||
| - | | M. uvulae | ||
| - | | M. palatoglossus | ||
| - | | M. palatopharyngeus | ||
| - | | Fasciculus anterior | ||
| - | | Fasciculus posterior; m. sphincter palatopharyngeus | ||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | {{: | ||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | **CIRCUMVALLATE PAPILLA** | ||
| - | |||
| - | {{: | ||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | {{: | ||
| - | {{: | ||
| - | {{: | ||
| - | {{: | ||