ONTOLOGICAL CATEGORIES

Indefinite Modality

Definite Modality

analogy

name

BEING

substance theory

material

animate

living

sensitive

rational

socrates , kashyap , plato

irrational

beast

insensitive

plant

inanimate

mineral

immaterial

spirit

accident

property

inherence

quantity

quality

directedness

movement

activity

passivity

intermediary

having

situated

containment

spatial

temporal

relation

ONTOLOGY

substance

bare particular , a bare particular of is the element without which the would not exist.

inherence

universals

Particulars

property

predicable, attribute, quality, feature, characteristic, type, exemplifiable, predicate, and intensional entity

relations

states of affairs

situation

truth bearer ( proposition )

true or false

truth maker ( a state of affair )

obtain or fail to obtain

fact which are already obtained

events

EXISTENCE

SINGULAR AND GENERAL EXISTENCE

Singular existence is the existence of individual entities while general existence refers to the existence of concepts or universals.

PHYSICAL AND MENTAL EXISTENCE

In contemporary philosophy, there are at least three prevailing ways to understand what a concept is:

ABSTRACT AND CONCRETE

Entities present in space and have concrete existence in contrast to abstract entities, like numbers and sets. The type–token distinction identifies physical objects that are tokens of a particular type of thing. The type of which it is a part is in itself abstract . The abstract–concrete distinction is often introduced and initially understood in terms of paradigmatic examples of objects of each kind:

RELATIVE ( ROLE ) AND ABSOLUTE ( FORM )

relative and motion

relative velocity

social relations

KNOWN AND UNKNOWN

Variables

unknown variable

known variable

parameter

known

unknown

known

indefinite

definite

unknown

indefinite , doubtful , suspicion

definite parameter

CATEGORIES

SUBSTANCE

RELATIONS

RELATIONS , REFERENCE

सम्बन्ध सिद्धान्त (Relation )

SPACE

allow substance to pass through

QUANTITY

number

QUALITY

Quality

Accident

STATES OF AFFAIRS

Generalization

states of affairs , situation , condition , state

particular

mood , mental state